Trichomoniasis is the most common curable sexually transmitted disease (STD) in young, sexually active women. An estimated 5 million new cases occur each year in women and men. The disease is caused by a small organism called Trichomonas vaginalis. Women are most often affected by this disease, although men can become infected and pass the infection on to their partners through sexual contact. Symptoms Though not all women develop symptoms, they are more likely to develop symptoms than men. Symptoms usually appear in women within five to 28 days of exposure and may be worse after the menstrual period. Symptoms can include: - Greenish-yellow, frothy vaginal discharge with a strong, unpleasant odor
- Painful urination
- Vaginal itching and irritation
- Discomfort during intercourse
- Lower abdominal pain (rare)
Men often do not have symptoms and usually do not know they are infected until their partners need treatment. When symptoms occur in men, they include: - Irritation inside the penis
- Mild discharge
- Slight burning after urination or ejaculation
Diagnosis and Treatment A physical examination and laboratory tests are used to identify trichomoniasis. Treatment is usually an oral antibiotic called metronidazole (Flagyl). It is important that all sex partner(s) are treated at the same time to prevent reinfection and further spread of the disease. In addition, persons being treated for trichomoniasis should avoid sex until they and all sex partners complete treatment and have no symptoms. It is important to take all of the prescribed antibiotics, even if symptoms disappear. Tell your health care provider if you are or could be pregnant before taking Flagyl as the drug could be harmful to the baby. Possible Complications Trichomoniasis in pregnant women may cause premature rupture of the membranes that protect the baby and preterm delivery. The genital inflammation by trichomoniasis may also increase a woman's risk of acquiring HIV infection if she is exposed to HIV. Trichomoniasis in a woman who is also infected with HIV can increase the chances of transmitting HIV infection to a sex partner. Prevention Safe sexual practices will reduce the risk of infection. These include limiting the number of sex partners and correct use of condoms every time you have sex. Any genital symptoms such as discharge or burning during urination or an unusual sore or rash should be a signal to stop having sex and to consult a doctor immediately. If you are told you have trichomoniasis or any other STD and receive treatment, you should notify all of your recent sex partners so that they can see a doctor and be treated. Additional information is available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. | 
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